There is considerable indirect evidence of state involvement and some direct evidence as well, which is discussed below.
"Hassan Hattab's GSPC which has condemned the GIA's indiscriminate attacks on civilians and, since going it alone, has tended to revert to the classic MIA-AIS strategy of confining its attacks to guerrilla forces.
European foreign ministries believe that it is Islamist guerrillas who are responsible for the massacres (Observer 9 February 1998). Algerian War, also called Algerian War of Independence, (1954–62) war for Algerian independence from France. The end of 1994 saw a noticeable upsurge in violence. In many cases, survivors have identified their attackers as the assailants enter the villages unmasked and are often from the locality. The war in Algeria and conflict in France from 1954 to Algeria's independence on July 5, 1962.
The war began slowly as it first appeared the government had successfully crushed the Islamist movement, but armed groups emerged to fight jihadand by 1994, violence had reached such a level that it appeared the government might not be able to withstand it.
Veterans of the War of Independence known as the "revolutionary family" felt its privileges directly tied to the government and supported the regime.
Algérie: Autopsie d'un massacre. "Self-defense militias", often called "Patriots" for short, consisting of trusted local citizens trained and armed by the army, were founded in towns near areas where guerrillas were active, and were promoted on national TV. Le Monde 11 November).
1998. At the last of these, at The FIS itself established an underground network, with clandestine newspapers and even an MIA-linked radio station, and began issuing official statements from abroad starting in late 1992.
This eight-year conflict caused the fall of six French Prime Ministers and eventually the collapse of the Fourth Republic.
The talks split the pro-government political spectrum.
By 1958 more than a half million French soldiers had been sent to Algeria—the largest overseas expeditionary force in French history. "1 This may be true, but literary accounts portray the "mystery" of the civil war—and propose to solve it—in sharply divergent ways.
In the words of one literary critic, "The Algerian war has been, in a sense, one big murder mystery. Guerrilla Warfare: A Historical and Critical Study. The GIA, torn by splits and desertions and denounced by all sides even in the Islamist movement, was slowly destroyed by army operations over the next few years; by the time of With the GIA's decline, the GSPC was left as the most active rebel group, with about 300 fighters in 2003.The release of FIS leaders Madani and Belhadj in 2003 had no observable effect on the situation, illustrating a newfound governmental confidence which would be deepened by the The proposal was implemented by Presidential decree in February 2006, and adopted on 29 September 2006. It is estimated that between 400,000 and 1,500,000 Algerians were killed during the war of liberation (1954-1962), usually called the Algerian War of Independence or the Algerian Revolution.
It also marked the first practical application of what we today call counter-insurgency.
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We're here to send you to your God!The GIA's responsibility for these massacres remains disputed. "Devout activists removed the satellite dishes of households receiving European satellite broadcast in favor of Arab satellite dishes receiving Saudi broadcasts.On 11 January 1992 the army cancelled the electoral process, forcing President Bendjedid to resign and bringing in the exiled independence fighter Of the few FIS activists that remained free, many took this as a declaration of war.
It origi- ... 1962, the confrontation between the general staff of the armed forces and the provi-sional government had grown particularly in-tense as forces loyal to each group fought for In the United States only the American Federation of Teachers has recognized her struggle for human rights. In the words of one literary critic, "The Algerian war has been, in a sense, one big murder mystery.
Starting around April (the These massacres continued through the end of 1998, changing the nature of the political situation considerably. Unlike in Iran, the army rank and file stayed on the side of the government.
The Islamist notables, entrepreneurs, and shopkeepers had at first funded the insurgent amirs and fighters, hoping for revenge against the government that had seized power from the FIS movement they supported.
Report MDE 28/23/97.
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